The first time I set foot on African soil, I was greeted by the warm embrace of the sun, which painted the landscape in hues of gold and copper. The acacia trees stood proudly in the savannah, their silhouettes etched against the canvas of a breathtaking sunset. It was as if I had stepped into the very pages of the book that had ignited my childhood fascination with this magical land.
There are so many countries that make up the continent of Africa that I thought I would combine them here so you can explore everything it has to offer.
As I embarked on safaris, I encountered a mesmerizing array of wildlife. Majestic elephants roamed freely, their gentle yet formidable presence commanding respect. Lions basked in the golden light, exuding an aura of regal might as they surveyed their kingdom. Each encounter was a living, breathing testament to the untamed beauty of nature, leaving an indelible imprint on my soul.
The beating heart of Africa reverberated in its people, who welcomed me with open arms and infectious smiles. The rhythmic melodies of traditional songs echoed through villages, and I found myself immersed in a tapestry of traditions and rituals that had been passed down through generations. The warmth and hospitality of the communities I visited left an impression that transcended language and cultural barriers.
BEST TIME TO VISIT
Dry Season: December to April
Top Countries to Visit in Africa
South Africa
Tanzania
Kenya
Botswana
Zambia
Zimbabwe
Namibia
BEST PLACES TO VISIT IN AfRICA
Your guide to Cape Town, South Africa
Travelling Africa with Topdeck
Travel to Africa
Africa is the 2nd largest Continent in the world, so it can be tricky knowing where to fly! There are so many countries and airports to choose from! The main three are:
O.R. Tambo International Airport (JNB) – Johannesburg, South Africa - This is the one that I flew into first and the one that connects the most to other African nations.
Cape Town International Airport (CPT) - South Africa - Cape Town is such a popular spot among travellers, including myself!
Jomo Kenyatta International Airport (NBO) - Kenya - This airport is great if you want to visit surrounding countries like Tanzania, Uganda and more!
I haven’t included the Northern parts of Africa (Egypt, Morocco, etc) in this guide as I have yet to experience these countries myself, and a lot of people perceive them more as the Middle East.
How to plan your trip to Africa
There are endless things to see and do in Africa that you would need years to experience everything, and still, even then, you might not experience it all. So it’s important to work out why you want to visit Africa, Is it for the animals, or the culture, the landscape, and how many days do you plan on travelling for?
In Africa, I highly recommend booking a group tour; I find that this is the best and easiest way to explore Africa. The top tour companies I recommend are:
I have personally only travelled with Acacia, which I loved every minute of and highly recommend, but I have also heard great things about G Adventures Africa tours and intrepid from other travellers.
Places like Cape Town and Zanzibar, I believe, are better off doing them than on tour. I wish I had more time in Zanzibar on my own to explore, but it was still epic being able to go for a few days. Cape Town, I explored on my own, and it was nice to be able to choose what I wanted to see and do on my own time. You can read more about that here.
Visas: Every country in Africa has different rules around visas and entry requirements, so it is best to follow up with the country you are visiting on the government website to double-check! But I will add the most popular ones and their requirements below:
Kenya: e-Visa or visa on arrival for most.
Tanzania: Visa on arrival or e-Visa for most.
Uganda: e-Visa or visa on arrival.
Democratic Republic of the Congo (DRC): Advance visa required.
Republic of the Congo: Visa required; apply in advance.
South Africa: Visa-free for many nationalities (up to 90 days).
Namibia: Visa-free for some; others need to apply in advance.
Botswana: Visa-free for many (up to 90 days).
Zambia: Visa on arrival or e-Visa.
Zimbabwe: Visa on arrival or e-Visa. KAZA Univisa is available (covers Zambia and Zimbabwe).
General Information:
Check Requirements: Always verify the visa requirements for your specific nationality on the official government website or consulate.
Apply Early: Some visas take weeks to process, especially for countries with strict policies.
Multiple Entry vs. Single Entry: If travelling to multiple countries, consider whether you need a multi-entry visa.
Passport Validity: Ensure your passport is valid for at least 6 months beyond your travel dates.
Best time to visit Africa
Due to Africa’s size and diversity, each region has a different time of year to visit that is best. I went in March - April and this was considered the wet season in most of the countries I visited, but in fact, it only rained one day out of the 45 days that I was there, so you just never know that the weather is going to do, but here is a guide to help better plan for your trip:
Southern Africa (South Africa, Namibia, Botswana, Zimbabwe, Zambia): The best time for you to visit Southern Africa is from May to September, known as the dry winter season. Travel during these months for Safari Season and watch animals gather around waterholes, making them easier to spot. See Victoria Falls in all its glory, as the best views are from June to August, and if you are venturing to Cape Town, November to March is a great time to enjoy the warmer weather and attend festivals!
East Africa (Kenya, Tanzania, Uganda, Rwanda, Ethiopia): Again, the dry season is the time you want to travel, this is between June and October. Wildlife viewing is epic during these times with the Great Migration in Serengeti and Maasai Mara (Two of my favourite places), it’s the ideal time to hike Mount Kilimanjaro with optimal weather conditions and the best time to go Gorilla trekking through Uganda and Rwanda.
Other considerations to keep in mind if you are going for a particular activity include:
Safari & Wildlife: Dry seasons (June to October in most regions) for better visibility.
Beaches (East Africa, Seychelles, Mauritius): Best from November to March for warm, sunny weather.
Desert Tours (Sahara): October to April when temperatures are cooler.
Top Destinations in Africa
With 54 countries in the continent of Africa, it can be tricky to decide where you want to go and what you want to do. My overall favourite countries that I have visited are Tanzania and South Africa. These two countries are very diverse and offer many different landscapes and activities, here are the top destinations to consider visiting:
South Africa: Ideal for wildlife and safari experiences and home to one of the most famous National Parks, Kruger NP, diverse landscapes like Table Mountain and a garden route. Wild coastlines and adventure activities like Bungee jumping and shark diving. Visit cities like Cape Town and Durban and enjoy world-class wines and local cuisine.
Tanzania: Perfect for world-class safari adventures to places like the Serengeti and Ngorongoro Crater to see the big 5. Africa’s highest peak, Mount Kilimanjaro, is located in Tanzania and is perfect for bucket-list travellers and hikers. If you aren’t so much of a hiker like me, then Zanzibar is somewhere you need to explore in Tanzania, where you can relax on pristine beaches with turquoise waters, snorkel coral reefs and see beautiful marine life.
Namibia: Namibia is home to some of the most surreal and otherworldly landscapes on Earth. Sossusvlei and the Namib Desert, Skeleton Coast, Etosha Pan and more. Epic wildlife adventures are to be had in Namibia, too, as well as adrealine adventures like quad bikes, hot air ballooning and dune boarding. Nambia sky is one of the clearest in the world, making it an extraordinary place to look up and watch the stars.
Botswana: Botswana offers incredible wildlife sightings all year round, There is a bit of luxury in Botswana with Exclusive game drives and fancy lodges if that interests you. If culture is something you are interested in, then Experience local life and crafts in communities like Serowe and Maun. Learn about the traditions, survival skills, and storytelling of one of the world’s oldest cultures from San Bushmen. Glide through the Okavango Delta in a mokoro, guided by expert polers.
Zambia: First up is one of the natural wonders, Victoria Falls, a waterfall to be seen with your own eyes, it’s as majestic as you would imagine, and if you are a dare-devil, swim at the edge of Victoria Falls during the dry season, for a heart-stopping, once-in-a-lifetime experience. If bird watching is your thing, then Zambia is the destination for you with over 750 species of birds, it’s a paradise for bird enthusiasts. One of my favourite places in Zambia was South Luangwa National Park, where you can experience a night safari drive!
Zimbabwe: Zimbabwe is a treasure trove of beauty, adventure, and cultural depth, making it a must-visit destination for travellers seeking a unique and enriching African experience. Enjoy Victoria Falls on the opposite side of Zambia, the Zambezi River, perfect for a sunset cruise. Visit one of Africa’s largest wildlife reserves, Hwange National Park, where you will spot Elephants, lions and Zebra. If you want to see Rhinos up close, learn about ancient rock art and see a beautiful sunset, then you can’t miss Matobo National Park.
Uganda: Uganda is on my list to visit still, and the reason is because it’s the top destination to see Mountain Gorillas and Chimpanzees in the wild. Uganda is home to beautiful natural beauty like the Nile River, Lake Victoria and Murchison Falls; these places will take your breath away. Visit cultural sites like the Kasubi Tombs (a UNESCO World Heritage Site) or learn about local crafts and traditions.
Kenya: Kenya is home to some of the best safari destinations in the world, such as Maasai Mara, Amboseli National Park, Tsavo, and Samburu. These areas are rich in wildlife, including the "Big Five" (lion, leopard, elephant, buffalo, and rhinoceros). Lamu Island is A UNESCO World Heritage Site, Lamu Island has a rich Swahili culture, historic architecture, and serene beaches. It's a place to unwind and enjoy a slower pace of life. Diverse Tribes: Kenya is home to over 40 ethnic groups, each with unique traditions, languages, and customs. Visitors can immerse themselves in the culture by visiting indigenous communities like the Maasai, Samburu, Gikuyu, and Luhya people.
Food & Culture in Africa
Africa is an incredibly diverse continent, with each region offering unique food traditions, cultures, and culinary experiences. The rich cultural diversity, varied landscapes, and history of Africa have shaped its food, blending indigenous ingredients with influences from trade routes, colonisation, and migration. Here's a look at the food and culture in Africa across different regions:
West Africa Food:
Jollof Rice: A popular West African dish made with rice, tomatoes, onions, and spices, often served with grilled chicken or beef.
Fufu: A staple food made from starchy vegetables like cassava, yams, or plantains, boiled and pounded to a dough-like consistency, often served with soup or stew.
Egusi Soup: A thick, hearty soup made with ground melon seeds, vegetables, and meat, popular in Nigeria and Ghana.
Suya: Grilled skewers of spiced meat (often beef or chicken) served with sliced onions, tomatoes, and spicy pepper sauce, commonly found in Nigeria.
Pounded Yam: A dish similar to fufu, but made with yam and served with soups like Oha Soup or Pepper Soup.
Culture:
Music and Dance: West Africa is the birthplace of rich musical traditions like Afrobeat, Highlife, and Makossa, with famous musicians such as Fela Kuti and Youssou N'Dour. Traditional drumming and dance are integral to social events, ceremonies, and celebrations.
Festivals: The Ogun Festival in Nigeria and the Yam Festival in Ghana are key cultural events showcasing traditional dances, music, and rituals.
Indigenous Art: West Africa is known for its vibrant art, including Kente cloth from Ghana, Nigerian beadwork, and masks used in religious and ceremonial dances.
East Africa Food:
Ugali: A staple in Kenya and Tanzania, ugali is a cornmeal dish similar to polenta, often served with stews or vegetable dishes.
Sambusas: Fried or baked pastry pockets filled with spiced meat or vegetables, popular in the Horn of Africa.
Nyama Choma: A Kenyan dish of grilled meat (usually goat or beef), often served with a side of ugali and vegetables.
Injera: A spongy flatbread made from teff flour, which is a base for Ethiopian dishes like Doro Wat (spicy chicken stew) and Shiro (chickpea stew).
Pilau: A spiced rice dish commonly served in coastal areas like Kenya, Zanzibar, and Tanzania, often accompanied by grilled meat or seafood.
Culture:
Religious Diversity: East Africa is home to a blend of Christianity, Islam, and indigenous beliefs. This influences much of the region’s cultural practices, celebrations, and holidays.
Swahili Culture: Swahili culture, blending African, Arab, and Persian influences, is prominent along the coast, particularly in places like Zanzibar. The Swahili language, music, and architecture are integral to the region.
Traditional Dress: In Kenya, Shuka (a brightly coloured cloth) is worn by the Maasai people, while in Ethiopia, traditional Kaba dresses are worn for cultural events.
Southern Africa Food:
Biltong: Dried, cured meat (often beef or game meat) seasoned with spices, similar to jerky, but thicker and with a more intense flavour.
Bobotie: A South African dish of spiced minced meat, typically beef or lamb, topped with an egg custard and baked until golden.
Pap: A maize porridge similar to ugali, commonly served with tomato gravy, meat, or beans.
Bunny Chow: A fast food dish from Durban, South Africa, consisting of curry served inside a hollowed-out loaf of white bread.
Melktert: A South African dessert made with a creamy, milky filling in a pastry crust, often topped with cinnamon.
Culture:
Diverse Languages: Southern Africa is a linguistically diverse region, with 11 official languages in South Africa, including Zulu, Xhosa, and Afrikaans. Many communities also speak English, especially in urban areas.
Music: South Africa is known for its Jazz (pioneered by figures like Hugh Masekela and Miriam Makeba) and the energetic rhythms of Kwaito and Zulu music. Traditional music, featuring drums and stringed instruments like the Mbira, plays an important role in African ceremonies.
Cultural Heritage: The region has a strong oral tradition with stories passed down through generations. The Zulu people, for example, have a rich history of storytelling through dance and song.
Wildlife and Nature: Southern Africa is renowned for its wildlife and national parks, including Kruger National Park (South Africa), Okavango Delta (Botswana), and Victoria Falls (Zimbabwe/Zambia).
Central Africa Food:
Poulet Moambe: A central African dish of chicken cooked in a sauce made with palm oil, peanuts, and spices, commonly served with rice or plantains.
Fufu: Similar to other regions, fufu (or a variation) is a common dish made from cassava or yams and served with a variety of soups or stews.
Plantains and Cassava: Central Africa, particularly in Congo, relies heavily on plantains and cassava as staple foods, prepared in numerous ways like fried, boiled, or mashed.
Culture:
Traditional Ceremonies: Central Africa has deep-rooted traditions in music, dance, and ritual. The Pygmy tribes are known for their unique hunting rituals and music.
Language: French is widely spoken in many Central African countries, though local languages such as Lingala and Kikongo are important in daily life.
Art: Central African art is known for its wood carvings, masks, and statues, which often hold spiritual significance and are used in ceremonial contexts.
Food and culture in Africa are a reflection of the continent’s vast and diverse peoples. Each region has its flavours, dishes, and customs that make it a unique experience for travellers. Whether it’s savouring Ethiopian injera or indulging in a South African braai, Africa's food is as varied as its cultures.
Why you SHOULD travel to Africa
I am sure you don't need me to tell you why you should visit Africa because it does speak for itself. Africa was my first overseas trip where I went alone, it was one of the most memorable and exciting trips I have ever been on. From the epic wildlife to the stunning beaches and friendly locals, it has everything and more, you can ever want for an experience of a lifetime.
Safety and travel advice in Africa
Traveling to Africa can be a rewarding and enriching experience, but it’s important to keep in mind the diverse conditions, safety risks, and cultural norms that vary from country to country. While many parts of Africa are safe for travelers, there are important safety precautions and travel advice to follow to ensure a smooth and enjoyable trip.
Here’s a general guide to safety and travel advice in Africa:
General Safety Tips
Stay Informed: Before travelling, research the specific region or country you’re visiting, including any travel advisories from your government. Conditions can change, and it’s important to stay updated on safety information.
Health Precautions: Vaccinations are essential before travelling to Africa. The CDC and WHO recommend vaccines for diseases like yellow fever, malaria, typhoid, and hepatitis A and B. Carry antimalarial medication if necessary and use mosquito repellent.
Respect Local Laws: Different African countries have their own legal systems and cultural norms. It’s crucial to familiarize yourself with local laws, particularly those regarding alcohol, drugs, and dress codes. For example, some countries may have strict dress codes, especially in religious or conservative areas.
Secure Your Belongings: Petty theft and pickpocketing can happen, especially in crowded places, markets, or tourist hotspots. Use anti-theft backpacks, and avoid displaying valuables such as expensive jewellery, electronics, or large amounts of cash.
Know Emergency Numbers: Different countries in Africa have different emergency numbers. It’s important to know the emergency contacts for police, medical, and fire services in the country you’re visiting. You can usually find these numbers online or through your hotel.
Transportation
Road Conditions: Road conditions can vary widely across Africa. In major cities and urban areas, you may find good roads and well-maintained infrastructure. However, in rural areas, roads can be poorly paved, and driving can be more challenging. If you plan to drive, consider renting a 4x4 vehicle, especially if you are going to remote areas. Always ensure your vehicle is equipped with a spare tyre, extra water, and a phone charger.
Public Transportation: Public transport is available in many African countries, but it can be unreliable and overcrowded. Matatus (shared taxis/vans) in East Africa or bush taxis in West Africa are common but may not always be safe. Consider private transportation for long trips, especially in unfamiliar areas. Always choose reputable taxi services and avoid unmarked cabs. Ubers are great in places like Cape Town.
Flights: If you’re travelling between regions or countries, domestic flights are common. Stick to reputable airlines, and check reviews for their safety record.
Water Travel: If you’re travelling by boat or ferry, ensure the service is reputable and the boat is equipped with life jackets and safety equipment.
Health and Wellness
Food and Water Safety: While food can be delicious and diverse, it’s important to eat at trusted restaurants and street vendors to avoid foodborne illnesses. Drink bottled water if you’re unsure about the safety of local tap water. Avoid raw vegetables unless they are peeled or properly cooked, and be cautious about dairy products.
Stay Hydrated: The heat in many African regions can be intense, particularly in the dry season. Drink plenty of water, wear light and breathable clothing, and protect yourself from the sun with sunscreen, a hat, and sunglasses.
Insect Protection: Malaria is common in many parts of Africa. Wear long sleeves, use mosquito nets, and apply insect repellent to avoid bites. Sleeping under a mosquito net at night is crucial if you’re staying in malaria-prone areas.
Travel Insurance: It’s highly recommended to get comprehensive travel insurance that covers medical expenses, trip cancellations, lost luggage, and emergency evacuation. Medical facilities in some rural areas may be limited, so having insurance is especially important.
Safety in Cities
Urban Safety: In major cities like Cape Town, Nairobi, and Marrakech, stick to well-known tourist districts and avoid isolated areas, particularly at night. Be cautious in busy marketplaces, and always keep an eye on your belongings.
Avoid Flashy Displays of Wealth: Refrain from wearing expensive jewelry, and watches, or carrying large amounts of cash. Carry only what you need for the day and use a hotel safe for valuables.
Street Crime: In some cities, petty theft (such as pickpocketing and bag-snatching) is common, especially in crowded areas. Be vigilant and keep wallets in front pockets or hidden pouches. Avoid walking alone after dark in unfamiliar areas.
Safety in Rural and Remote Areas
Wildlife Precautions: If you're visiting national parks or wildlife reserves, always follow safety instructions from guides and park rangers. Respect wildlife and keep a safe distance from animals. Never attempt to feed or provoke wild animals, as this can be dangerous.
Health Facilities: In remote areas, medical facilities may be limited. If you're planning a trek or adventure in rural regions, make sure you have a first aid kit and know where the nearest medical facility is located. It's also a good idea to carry a list of emergency numbers and health-care providers in the area.
Adventure Activities: Activities like trekking, hiking, or safaris require proper preparation. Ensure you’re travelling with reputable guides who have the necessary experience and equipment. In some areas, it’s necessary to have vaccinations for diseases like yellow fever, particularly if you’re visiting areas with high risk.
Cultural Sensitivity
Respect Local Customs and Traditions: African cultures are diverse and can vary significantly from one country or region to another. Learn about local customs, dress codes, and cultural expectations. In some countries, modest clothing is expected, especially in rural areas or religious sites.
Photography Etiquette: Always ask permission before photographing people, especially in rural communities or when photographing ceremonies. Some cultures may consider it disrespectful or invasive.
Language and Communication: English is widely spoken in many African countries, but French, Arabic, Portuguese, and indigenous languages are also common. Learning a few basic phrases in the local language can help foster goodwill and enrich your experience.
Political and Security Awareness
Conflict Zones: Some parts of Africa are affected by political instability, civil unrest, or conflict. Always check travel advisories from official government sources like the U.S. State Department or the UK Foreign Office before travelling to high-risk areas. Avoid areas near borders where conflicts are more likely to occur.
Local Protests: Protests and demonstrations are not uncommon, especially in urban areas. These can sometimes escalate into violence, so it's best to avoid large gatherings or protests and stay informed about local events.
Emergency Evacuation: In the unlikely event of an emergency evacuation or a natural disaster, ensure that your travel insurance covers evacuation services, and always follow the guidance of local authorities.
Useful Resources
Embassy or Consulate: Know the location of your country’s embassy or consulate in the region. In case of emergencies, they can offer assistance with lost passports, legal issues, and emergency evacuations.
Local Travel Agencies: Consider using reputable local tour operators for safaris, tours, or transfers. They are familiar with the local landscape and can provide a more in-depth and safe travel experience.